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Şuraya atla: kullan, ara
  • ...es from Seljuk commander Emir Ahmed Mengücek who defeated the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]] by the Battle of Bolybotum and rested by the [[mountain range] ...e four principal Byzantine cities in [[Anatolia]], and was the home of the Byzantine [[Amorian dynasty]]. It was conquered in 838-845 by the [[Abbassid]] Caliph
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  • ...="byzantine1">[[Warren Treadgold|Treadgold, Warren T.]] ''A History of the Byzantine State and Society'' Stanford University Press, sf. 441</ref> [[Harun Reşit
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  • |title = The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia now ...ans" but not [[Chagatai Khan]], who was not proclaimed ruler of the Mongol Empire by the [[kurultai]].<ref>
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  • ...alm were titled ''Bey''. The chief [[monarch|sovereign]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] only came to be called [[sultan]] starting in 1383 when [[Murad I]] was g ...tanate of Ikonion]] ([[Konya]]) and the military demise of the [[Byzantine Empire]]. Its capital was [[Bursa]]. By 1336 it had annexed only the Beylik of [
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  • ...west, Turkic ''ghāzīs'' made continual incursions along the [[al-'Awasim|Byzantine frontier zone]], finding in the [[akritai]] ([[akritoi]]) their Greek count ...[[Anatolia]]n territories conquered during the ''ghazw'' that the Ottoman Empire emerged, and in its legendary traditions it is said that its founder, [[Osm
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  • {{distinguish|Mughal Empire}} |conventional_long_name = Mongol Empire
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  • ...ce=Edinburgh}}</ref><ref name=HKJ>{{Citation|title=Venice and Its Merchant Empire|first= Kathryn|last= Hinds|year=2002 |place=New York}}</ref> whose travels ...01806, p. 7</ref><ref name="Timothy Brook24">Timothy Brook, ''The Troubled Empire: China in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties'', 2010, ISBN 9780674046023, p. 24</r
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  • ...}</ref><ref>[http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithtoday.html PBS - Islam: Empire of Faith - Faith - Islam Today].</ref> with over 1.7 billion followers<ref ...rg/empires/islam/faithpeople.html |title=People of the Book |work=[[Islam: Empire of Faith]] |publisher=[[PBS]]|accessdate=2010-12-18}}</ref><ref>Reeves, J.
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  • ...Khan]], a warlord and kingmaker, who made an alliance with the [[Byzantine Empire]] and invaded countries bordering the Blue Horde, particularly in the [[Bal ...Left wing of the Golden Horde''' was one of the uluses within the [[Mongol Empire]] formed around 1225, after the death of [[Jochi]] when his son, [[Orda Kha
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  • ...Khan]], a warlord and kingmaker, who made an alliance with the [[Byzantine Empire]] and invaded countries bordering the Blue Horde, particularly in the [[Bal ...Left wing of the Golden Horde''' was one of the uluses within the [[Mongol Empire]] formed around 1225, after the death of [[Jochi]] when his son, [[Orda Kha
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  • |status = [[Nomadic empire]]<br/>[[Division of the Mongol Empire]] |p1 = Mongol Empire
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  • ...t=Sahakyan|first=Lusine|title=Turkification of the Toponyms in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey|year=2010|publisher=[[Arod Books]]|location=Mont ...Seljuk Empire]] in the late 11th century and continued under the [[Ottoman Empire]] between the early 14th and early 20th centuries. However, various non-Tur
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  • |established_event5 = [[Russian Empire|Empire]] ...rom the [[Byzantine Empire]],<ref name=Curtis/> beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined [[Russian culture]] for the next millenniu
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  • |established_event1 = [[Xiongnu|Xiongnu Empire]] |established_event2 = [[Mongol Empire]]
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  • |country = [[Mongol Empire]], [[Persia]] |status = [[Nomadic empire]]<br/>[[Division of the Mongol Empire]]
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  • ....archive.org/web/20160702004021/https://www.britannica.com/place/Byzantine-Empire | arşivtarihi = 2 Temmuz 2016}}</ref> Var olduğu sürenin çoğunda, Avru ....google.com/books?id=iSWPAgAAQBAJ |title=Warfare, State And Society In The Byzantine World 560–1204 |work= |page=47}}</ref>
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  • |bayrak_öncel10 = Coat of arms of the Second Bulgarian Empire.svg |bayrak_öncel11 = Flag of the Serbian Empire, reconstruction.svg
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  • |p2 = Hephthalite Empire ...as the main power in the [[Mongolian Plateau]] and established a stronger empire, which rapidly expanded to rule huge territories in Central Asia. This khag
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  • |p2 = Hephthalite Empire ...as the main power in the [[Mongolian Plateau]] and established a stronger empire, which rapidly expanded to rule huge territories in Central Asia. This khag
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  • |status = Empire |s1 = Frankish Empire
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  • As the [[Göktürk Empire]] expanded westwards on the [[Eurasian Steppe]] during the 6th century, peo As allies of the [[Byzantine Empire]] (ruled at time by by [[Justinian I]]), the Avars had obtained a grant of
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  • ...Ukraine]]</ref> and the '''"Pseudo-Avars"''' <ref> According to Grousset, Empire of the Steppes, page 171,[[Theophylact Simocatta]] called them pseudo-Avars ...e argued that Theophylact borrowed information from Menander's accounts of Byzantine-Turk negotiations to meet political needs of his time – i.e. to castigate
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  • [[File:Hunnu Empire.jpg|thumb|Xiongnu]] ...[[Modu Chanyu]], the supreme leader after 209&nbsp;BC, founded the Xiongnu Empire.<ref>di Cosmo 2004: 186</ref>
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  • ...her nomadic polities sometimes called "Huns"|Xiongnu|Kidarites|Hephthalite Empire|Khazars}} ...othic]], which some modern scholars describe as a [[lingua franca]] of the Empire.{{sfn|Heather|2010|p=228}} Their main military technique was [[mounted arch
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  • ...antinoturcica'' II, p. 236–39</ref> Between 400 CE and the 16th century, Byzantine sources use the name Σκύθαι (''Skuthai'') in reference to twelve diff ...reased such that they conquered the [[Juan Juan]] and established the Gök Empire.<ref name="Carter V. Findley"/>
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  • ...] and the languages of other tribes subjugated by the Huns.<ref>Priscus: ''Byzantine History'', available in the original Greek in Ludwig Dindorf : ''Historici ...st=Peter |last=Heather |date=1995 |title=The Huns and the End of the Roman Empire in Western Europe |url=http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/content/CX/435/4.full.
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  • ...honor. In 738, when Türgesh Tuhsan was enthroned, the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] ambassador Valentine came to the Tuhsan court. In the 11th century, the [
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  • ...on the right corner of earth, submits his obedience but Urum ([[Byzantine Empire|Roman]]), Khan of the left corner, does not. Oghuz declares war on Urum Kha * Woods, John E. 1976. The Aqquyunlu Clan, Confederation, Empire: a study in 15th/16th Century Turco-Iranian Politics. Minneapolis: Biblioth
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  • ...cultural sphere, wound up in Central Anatolia on the receding edge of the Byzantine cultural sphere, in which is now Turkey, some 1500 miles to the west?”'' ...cultural sphere, wound up in central Anatolia on the receding edge of the Byzantine cultural sphere". Franklin Lewis:”Living among Turks, Rumi also picked up
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  • ...File:Mongol Empire map.gif|280px|Animated map showing growth of the Mongol Empire]] | caption = Expansion of the Mongol Empire 1206–94
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  • ...ngol Empire and its khanates|Political divisions and vassals of the Mongol Empire}} |Event_Name = Division of the Mongol Empire |AKA =
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  • {{for|the fragmentation of the [[Mongol Empire]]|Division of the Mongol Empire}} ...murid Empire]].<ref>C. P. Atwood ''Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire'', p.403</ref><ref>Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank ''Th
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  • |partof=the [[Division of the Mongol Empire]] and the Golden Horde–Ilkhanate war |result=Inconclusive<br>[[Division of the Mongol Empire|Fragmentation of the empire]]
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  • ...for the first official establishment of Islam in a khanate of the [[Mongol Empire]].<ref>Devin De Weese. ''Islamization and Native Religion in the Golden Hor ...raid against [[Bulgaria]] and Byzantine [[Thrace]]. Michael of [[Byzantine Empire]] also sent much valuable fabric to the Golden Horde as a tribute thereafte
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  • ..., Nogai led his army across the [[Danube]], sending the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] forces fleeing before him, and devastated the cities of [[Thrace]]. In 12 [[Category:Generals of the Mongol Empire]]
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  • ...ucasus region and southern Dagestan were the furthest points of [[Sasanian Empire|Persian]] expansions, with areas to the north of Caucasus Mountains practic ...caucasus-index}}</ref> At the beginning of the 19th century, the [[Russian Empire]] [[Russo-Persian Wars|conquered]] the territory from [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar
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  • ...ekuder]]. Much of Abaqa's reign was consumed with civil wars in the Mongol Empire, such as those between the Ilkhanate and the northern khanate of the [[Gold ...he Byzantine Emperor [[Michael VIII Palaiologos]] to add a daughter of the Byzantine imperial family to Hulagu's number of wives. Michael VIII had selected his
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  • [[File:Ottoman Mamluk horseman circa 1550.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] mamluk [[heavy cavalry]] armour, circa 1550]] ...">T. Pavlidis, A Concise History of the Middle East, Chapter 11: Turks and Byzantine Decline, 2011</ref> The "mamluk phenomenon", as [[David Ayalon]] dubbed the
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  • |succession = [[List of sultans of the Seljuq Empire|Sultan of the Seljuq Empire]] |predecessor=''empire established''
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  • |result=Decisive Mongol victory<br/>The Sultanate of Anatolia and the Empire of Trebizond became vassals of the Mongols. |combatant1=[[Mongol Empire]]<br />[[Mongol Armenia|Armenian]] & [[Kingdom of Georgia|Georgian]] mercen
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  • ...stern Iranian word lies behind the [[Middle Chinese]] word for [[Byzantine Empire|(Eastern) Rome]] (拂菻:''Fúlǐn''), namely [[Byzantium]] (''phrōm-from< ...the myths of the founders of the Yarlung Dynasty, who founded the Tibetan Empire (7th-9th centuries CE).
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  • ...like other [[sanjak]]s but a separate organisational unit of the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name="ЋирковићМихаљчић1999">{{cite book|author1=Си
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  • ...arı için kullanılan terim.<ref>Lane, George. ''Daily Life in the Mongol Empire''. Greenwood Press, 2006. [http://books.google.com/books?id=H103FlBPxfUC&pg ...nis, Peter. 1961. "The Transfer of Population as a Policy in the Byzantine Empire." Comparative Studies in Society and History 3:140-154.</ref> 11. yy.'da ba
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  • ...nis, Peter. 1961. "The Transfer of Population as a Policy in the Byzantine Empire." Comparative Studies in Society and History 3:140-154.</ref> 11. yy.'da ba
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  • ...t Hungary, pillaging along the way and emigrated to the [[Second Bulgarian Empire]]. Some of the Cumans were later asked to come back to Hungary and help reb *Kitzes, chief of the Cumans that were in a war against the [[Byzantine Empire]]. He fought a battle against emperor [[Alexios I Komnenos]] with a body of
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