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  • ...Mongols proper, 461,389 [[Buryats]], 183,372 [[Kalmyk people|Kalmyks]] ([[Russian Census (2010)]])</ref> ...|Buryat]] and [[Kalmyk people|Kalmyk]] subgroups live predominantly in the Russian federal subjects of [[Buryatia]] and [[Kalmykia]].
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  • ...ly used by medieval nomadic Mongolic and later Turkic tribes living to the north of China. "Khan" also occurs as a title in the [[Xianbei]] confederation<re ...atively minor tribal entities, generally in or near the vast Mongolian and North Chinese steppe, the scene of an almost endless procession of nomadic people
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  • ...e|Tajik]]: Мирзо; [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]]: Mirzo; [[Russian language|Russian]]: мурза; [[Bashkir language|Bashkir]]: mïrða; [[Northwest Caucasian ...-FM.pdf Life in Samarkand Caucasus and Central Asia vis-à-vis Russia, the West, and Islam, Madina Tlostanova]: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia,
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  • ...ting as early as the late 18th century's [[Sheikh Mansur]]'s resistance to Russian expansion, the word usually appears in the form ''gazavat'' ({{lang|ru|га ...cularly for raids to plunder and capture slaves from among the people of [[West Africa|Western]] and [[Central Africa]], also known as ''rezzou'' when prac
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  • ...u|Орда}} ("Horde") in [[Kievan Rus'|Russian]] [[Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles|chronicles]]) existed during the 13th and 14th centuries and was ...ental empire connected the [[eastern world|east]] with the [[western world|west]] with an enforced ''[[Pax Mongolica]]'' allowing trade, technologies, comm
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  • ...u/sac/history/keller/mongols/empsub1.html |title=Genghis Khan |publisher=[[North Georgia College and State University]] |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web In the early 13th century, the Central Asian plateau north of China was divided into several tribes of [[confederation]], including [[
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  • {{redirect|Moslawi|the dialect|North Mesopotamian Arabic}} '''Mosul''' ({{lang-ar|الموصل}} ''{{transl|ar|al-Mawṣil}}'', <small>[[North Mesopotamian Arabic]]:</small> ''{{transl|ayp|el-Mōṣul}}''; {{lang-ku|م
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  • ...Mongols proper, 461,389 [[Buryats]], 183,372 [[Kalmyk people|Kalmyks]] ([[Russian Census (2010)]])</ref> ...|Buryat]] and [[Kalmyk people|Kalmyk]] subgroups live predominantly in the Russian federal subjects of [[Buryatia]] and [[Kalmykia]].
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  • ...r|last2=Adams|first2=Jonathan M.|last3=Hall|first3=Thomas D | title = East-West Orientation of Historical Empires | journal = Journal of world-systems rese ...britannica.com/place/Golden-Horde |quote=Also called '''Kipchak Khanate''' Russian designation for Juchi's Ulus, the western part of the Mongol Empire, which
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  • ...rth, the [[Mediterranean Sea]] to the south, and the [[Aegean Sea]] to the west. The [[Sea of Marmara]] forms a connection between the Black and Aegean Sea ...st=Eric |article=Anatolia |work=Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa |date=2004 |via=Encyclopedia.com |chapter-url=http://www.encyclopedi
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  • {{Redirect|Russian Federation|other uses of "Russia"|Russia (disambiguation)}} |conventional_long_name = Russian Federation
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  • ...a]] in the east and from [[Afghanistan]] in the south to [[Russia]] in the north. It is also colloquially referred to as "the [[-stan|'stans]]" (as the five ...the numerous declarations of autonomy by different authorities during the Russian civil war, paved the way for the Soviet re-conquest of Central Asia in the
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  • ...ate. It is sandwiched between [[China]] to the south and [[Russia]] to the north. While it does not share a border with [[Kazakhstan]], Mongolia is separate ...its area is covered by grassy [[steppe]], with mountains to the north and west and the [[Gobi Desert]] to the south. [[Ulaanbaatar]], the capital and larg
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  • ...e in the sources until after 1260.<ref>Peter Jackson ''The Mongols and the West'', p.127</ref> ...na]] also came under Mongol control after the invasion. The undivided area west of the Transoxiana was the inheritance of Genghis Khan's [[Borjigin]] famil
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  • ...and was a world figure when the Mongol Empire reached its farthest extent west and south during the [[Mongol invasion of Europe|Mongol invasions of Europe ...1234)]]. He was sent to ravage the land south through [[Hebei]] and then north through [[Shanxi]] in 1213. Ögedei's force drove the Jin garrison out of t
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  • ...and was a world figure when the Mongol Empire reached its farthest extent west and south during the [[Mongol invasion of Europe|Mongol invasions of Europe ...1234)]]. He was sent to ravage the land south through [[Hebei]] and then north through [[Shanxi]] in 1213. Ögedei's force drove the Jin garrison out of t
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  • {{About||the modern ethnic group native to the North Caucasus|Avars (Caucasus)|other uses|Avar (disambiguation)}} ...78-0-521-81539-0 }}</ref> on the [[Pontic-Caspian steppe]], as a band of a North-Tungusic clan and warriors who wished to escape the rule of the [[Göktürk
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  • ...2nd century BC, the Xiongnu became a dominant power on the [[steppe]]s of north-east [[Central Asia]], centred on an area known later as [[Mongolia]]. The ...n controversial. [[Scythians]] and [[Sarmatians]] were concurrently to the west. The identity of the ethnic core of Xiongnu has been a subject of varied h
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  • ...Makhachkala 1995, p. 9 (no ISBN but the book is available in US libraries, Russian title ''Strana Gunnov u Kaspiyskix vorot'', Dagestan, Makhachkala, 1995)</r ...lar names, are recorded by neighbouring populations to the south, east and west as having occupied parts of [[Eastern Europe]] and Central Asia approximate
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  • ...014}} "Population: 28,929,716 (July 2014 est.)" "Ethnic groups: Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 es ...lation: 17,948,816 (July 2014 est.)" "Ethnic groups: Kazakh (Qazaq) 63.1%, Russian 23.7%, Uzbek 2.9%, Ukrainian 2.1%, Uighur 1.4%, Tatar 1.3%, German 1.1%, ot
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  • ...centuries)"'', Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences, Alma-Ata, I960, p. 127 (In Russian)</ref>) were a [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] tribe that heavily influenced nort ..., 'Science', 1974, Ch. 9, http://gumilevica.kulichki.com/HIC/hic09.htm (In Russian)</ref>
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  • ...Moscow, 'Science', Ch.15 http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/HPH/hph15.htm (In Russian)</ref> ...cow, 'Science', 1967, Ch.20 http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/OT/ot20.htm (In Russian)</ref>
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  • |ref6 = <ref>2002 [[Russian Census (2002)|Russian census]]</ref> ...the state of [[Turkmenistan]], as well as in [[Iran]], [[Afghanistan]], [[North Caucasus]] ([[Stavropol Krai]]), and northern [[Pakistan]]. They speak the
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  • In [[physical geography]], a '''steppe''' ([[Old East Slavic|Old Russian]]: ''степь'' [step'], grassland) is an [[ecoregion]], in the [[montane ...tral Asia]], and neighbouring countries stretching from [[Ukraine]] in the west through [[Russia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Turkmenistan]] and [[Uzbekistan]] to
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  • | other_name = [[Russian language|Russian]]: ''{{lang|ru|Сибирь}}'' (''Sibir'') ...d-color:#FF4000; color:#FF4000;">&#160;&#160;&#160;</span>&#160;Geographic Russian Siberia</span><br />
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  • ...o the west, the [[Pacific Ocean]] to the east, the [[Arctic Ocean]] to the north, and by [[Africa]], the [[Mediterranean Sea]], and the [[Indian Ocean]] to ...[[Kazakhstania]], and [[Baltica]], which was joined to [[Laurentia]], now North America, to form [[Euramerica]]. Chinese [[craton]]s collided with Siberia'
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  • ...ngol [[List of Tatar and Mongol raids against Russian states|raids against Russian states]] continued well beyond the [[Division of the Mongol Empire|start of ...ols then attacked the Cumans<ref>SINOR, DENIS. 1999. “THE MONGOLS IN THE WEST”. Journal of Asian History 33 (1). Harrassowitz Verlag: 1–44. http://ww
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  • ...engaged in hand-to-hand combat in [[Mongol invasion of Rus'|the sieges of Russian cities]]. While his cousins, [[Shiban]] and [[Büri]], went to [[Crimea]], ...han]], the eldest brother of Batu. Güyük eventually died en route to the west in 1248 and Batu and Möngke emerged as main contenders{{Citation needed|da
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  • ...y [[Chinese culture]]. Kublai invited Haiyun, the leading Buddhist monk in North China, to his [[Orda (organization)|ordo]] in Mongolia. When he met Haiyun ==Victory in North China==
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  • ...rated into the Dzungar military, thus completing the re-unification of the West Mongolian tribes. ...nd its relations with other Mongol tribes, the [[Qing dynasty]], and the [[Russian empire]].</ref> After a series of inconclusive military conflicts that star
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  • |date_event1 = The first Russian record of Khara Khula |s2 = Russian Empire
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  • The [[Cimmerians]] were an ancient Indo-European people living north of the Caucasus and the Sea of Azov as early as 1300 BCE until they were dr * Central, East and North [[Anatolia]] 714–626 BCE.
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  • ...льная степь в Адамовском районе.JPG|thumb|400px|Russian steppe in the [[Orenburg Oblast]]]] ...the [[Danube River]] almost to the [[Pacific Ocean]]. It is bounded on the north by the forests of Russia and [[Siberia]]. There is no clear southern bounda
    21 KB (3.038 kelime) - 19:23, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...n 1368. [[Toghon Temür]] (r. 1333–70), the last ruler of the Yuan, fled north to [[Shangdu]] (located in present-day [[Inner Mongolia]]) from Dadu in 136 ..., p. 93</ref> On one side stood the [[Oirats]] (or Western Mongols) in the west against the [[Khorchin|Eastern Mongols]]. While the Oirats drew their side
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  • ...stronghold of [[Acre, Israel|Acre]], and engaged [[Kitbuqa]]'s forces just north of Galilee, at the [[Battle of Ain Jalut]]. The Mongols were defeated, and ...ing]], where virtually all the senior princes and great noyans resident in North China and Manchuria supported his own candidacy over that of Ariqboke.
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  • ...om 1257 to 1266. He succeeded his brother [[Batu Khan]] of the Blue Horde (West) and was responsible for the first official establishment of Islam in a kha ...chaks]], whom they subdued. Batu and [[Subutai]] sent Berke to the country north of the [[Caucasus]] to conquer the Kipchaks there. Next they devastated the
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  • ...end converge with the highland plateau of [[Eastern Anatolia]] in the far north east of [[Turkey]]. The highest peak in the Caucasus range is [[Mount Elbru Precipitation increases from east to west in most areas. Elevation plays an important role in the Caucasus and mounta
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  • ...[[Volga]] river and [[Lake Balkhash]], while Batu's Horde ruled the lands west of the Volga. ...he [[Bashkirs]], the [[Cumans]], the [[Bulghars]] and the [[Alans]] in the west. Despite heavy resistance of their enemies, the Mongols conquered major cit
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  • ...rth Africa, ''Allah''</ref> Similar usage by Christians and [[Sikhs]] in [[West Malaysia]] has recently led to political and legal controversies.<ref>[http ...e Biblical World, Oxford, UK: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27574-3.</ref><ref>North, Eric McCoy; Eugene Albert Nida ((2nd Edition) 1972). The Book of a Thousan
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  • * [[File:Flag of North Ossetia.svg|border|22px|link=]] [[North Ossetia–Alania]] ...states, and the northern parts are under the jurisdiction of the [[Russia|Russian Federation]].
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  • ...75986018|page=15|quote=By the late fourteenth century Circassians from the north Caucasus region had become the majority in the Mamluk ranks.}}</ref> [[Abkh ...he majority of the Mamluk ranks were made up of [[Circassians]] from the [[North Caucasus]] region, whose young males had been frequently captured for slave
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  • ...f Siberia now known as the [[Russian Far East]], northern [[Korea]], and [[North China]]. Over the next few hundred years, the Chinese subtly encouraged war ...ransoxiana]]—modern [[Uzbekistan]], [[Iran]], and [[India]]), and to the west (across [[Scythia]] toward [[Europe]]).
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  • ...reviously, the term "Chinese [[Tartary]]" had been commonly applied in the West to Manchuria and Mongolia<ref>E.g. [https://books.google.com/books?id=dJo8A ...Ussuri]] rivers to the [[Stanovoy Mountains]] and the [[Sea of Japan]]. In Russian administrative terms, [[Ussuri krai]], southern [[Harbin Russians|Harbin ob
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  • |hangul = 여진 ([[South Korea|S.&nbsp;Korea]])<br/>녀진 ([[North Korea|N.&nbsp;Korea]]) ...] the [[Song dynasty|Northern Song]] in 1127, gaining control of most of [[North China]]. Jin control over China lasted until [[Mongol invasion of China|the
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  • |today = China (PRC), Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Russia, North Korea ...ruled from 907 to 1125 over present-day [[Mongolia]] and portions of the [[Russian Far East]], northern [[Korea]], and northern [[China]].<ref>Ledyard, 1983,
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  • ...1969) ''The Creation of the American Republic 1776 - 1787'', University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, p.355.</ref> ...The provinces involved were the [[Province of Canada]] (comprising Canada West, now [[Ontario]], formerly [[Upper Canada]]; and Canada East now [[Quebec]]
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  • ...ng the Mongol invasion of [[Khorazm]] in 1219-1223, Muqali campaigned in [[North China]] as the first prince of the state (guo-wang) and a viceory. The Jala ...e [[Barlas]] in the centre, the [[Qaraunas]] and the Qa'uchin in the south-west and the [[Dughlat]]s in the east. Meanwhile, [[Hasan Buzurg]] established [
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  • ...Mongolian: Баатар ''Baatar''), Turkish: [[Bağatur]]/Batur/Bahadır, Russian: [[Bogatyr]]) is a historical [[Turco-Mongol]] honorific title,<ref>Ed. Her ...387}}</ref> The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west ([[Mongolia]]) of China as early as the 7th century as evidenced in [[Sui d
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  • ...ith the 'Frōm Kēsar' (拂菻罽婆: ''Fúlǐn jìpó'': [[Middle Chinese|North Western Tang]] ''pfvyr-lḭum-kḭe-sâ'') of the [[Old Book of Tang|Tang s ...st [[ethnic religion]] known as Bon ([[Ladakh]] and [[Zanskar]] in the far west of Tibet and [[Kham]] and [[Amdo]] in the east), strongly suggesting that t
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  • *Toksobich, Kolobich, Etebich, Tetrobich - Russian versions of Cuman-Kipchak chieftains captured in battle, may be any of the *Khan Ayepa, son of Osen, father in law of [[Yuri Dolgorukiy]] (a Russian Rurikid prince and founder of Moscow). His daughter married [[Yuri Dolgoruk
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