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  • | region7 = {{flag|United States}} ...roto-Mongols]], they were more likely a multi-ethnic group of Mongolic and Turkic tribes.<ref name="Geng 2005">Geng 2005</ref> It has been suggested that the
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  • ...language|Urdu]]: مرزا; [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: مرزا }} is a historical title of Persian origin, denoting the rank of a high [[nobleman]] or [[Prin ...so a title bestowed upon members of the highest aristocracies in [[Tatar]] states, such as the [[Khanate]]s of [[Khanate of Kazan|Kazan]] and [[Khanate of As
    20 KB (2.742 kelime) - 12:37, 25 Mart 2017
  • ...nted out the possibility that the word may be genuinely [[Turkic languages|Turkic]].<ref name="Iranica" /> Two principal etymologies have been proposed by sc ...S. Agcagül/V. Karam/L. Johanson/C. Bulut, ''Turkic-Iranian Contact Areas: Historical and Linguistic Aspects'', Harrassowit, 2006, p. 19ff</ref> All [[Iranian la
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  • ...y the Christian states of [[Iberia]] in their relations with the [[taifa]] states;<ref name="Nolan2006">{{cite book|author=Cathal J. Nolan|title=The age of w ...ltimately rise to military and later political dominance in various Muslim states.
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  • ...ˈtˤɑːn|pron}}) is a [[Royal and noble ranks|noble title]] with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic [[abstract noun]] meaning "strength" ...full style ''Sultan Berdaulat Zillullah fil-Alam''), which had many vassal states
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  • |states = [[Mongolia]], ...o the Northern Asian [[linguistic area]], including the [[Turkic languages|Turkic]], [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]], [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]], [[Kore
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  • ...ian language|Mongolian]] |[[Chinese language|Chinese]] |[[Turkic languages|Turkic]] |[[Persian language|Persian]] and other languages}} ...me="China p413">''The Cambridge History of China: Alien Regimes and Border States''. p. 413.</ref> In 1304, the three western khanates briefly accepted the n
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  • ...gol Empire across most of [[Eurasia]] by conquering or creating [[vassal]] states in all of modern-day China, [[Korea]], the [[Caucasus]], Central Asia, and ...04, pg. 23</ref> The life of Temüjin for the next 10 years is unclear, as historical records are mostly silent on that period.<ref name=Lane2 />
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  • ...n Felice (whose, as we said, first mention is by G. B. Ramusio), while our historical science claims the place of his birth island Korčula. Italian historians o ...onario Storico-Portatile Di Tutte Le Venete Patrizie Famiglie |trans-title=Historical Dictionary Of All-Portable Venetian Patrician Families |url=https://books.g
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  • ...y, after which the region saw a gradual influx of Muslim Arab, Kurdish and Turkic peoples, although the Assyrians continue to use the name ''Athura'' for the ...|last=Al-Tikriti |first=Nabil |title=Ottoman Iraq |journal=Journal of the Historical Society |volume=7 |issue=2 |year=2007 |pages=201–11 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-5
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  • | region9 = {{flag|United States}} ...productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_11_5YR_B05006&prodType=table |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=16 July 2013 }}</ref>
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  • ...edings of the Inaugural Symposium on Islam and the Challenge of Modernity: Historical and Contemporary Contexts, Kuala Lumpur, August 1–5, 1994 |editor=Sharifa </ref> There are no intermediaries, such as [[clergy]], to contact God who states, "I am nearer to him than (his) [[jugular vein]]."<ref>{{Cite quran|50|16|s
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  • | region7 = {{flag|United States}} ...roto-Mongols]], they were more likely a multi-ethnic group of Mongolic and Turkic tribes.<ref name="Geng 2005">Geng 2005</ref> It has been suggested that the
    79 KB (10.862 kelime) - 19:03, 25 Mart 2017
  • ...=Jonathan M.|last3=Hall|first3=Thomas D | title = East-West Orientation of Historical Empires | journal = Journal of world-systems research|date=December 2006 |v
    72 KB (10.914 kelime) - 19:09, 25 Mart 2017
  • ...in the 19th century.<ref>{{cite book|last=Adalian|first=Rouben Paul|title=Historical dictionary of Armenia|year=2010|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Lanham, ...re]] between the early 14th and early 20th centuries. However, various non-Turkic languages continue to be spoken by minorities in Anatolia today, including
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  • ...n Brest, Belarus on December 8, creating the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] in which the [[Supreme Soviet of Russia|Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFS ...ritime border]]s with [[Japan]] by the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] and the [[United States|U.S.]] state of [[Alaska]] across the [[Bering Strait]].
    253 KB (34.667 kelime) - 19:22, 25 Mart 2017
  • | label3 = [[List of sovereign states|Countries]] ...ple|Kyrgyz]], [[Uyghur people|Uyghurs]], and other extinct Turkic nations; Turkic languages largely replaced the Iranian languages spoken in the area. Centra
    61 KB (8.681 kelime) - 19:23, 25 Mart 2017
  • ...ate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies |location=United States |publisher=University of California, San Diego |archive-url=https://web.arc ...overeign state]] in [[East Asia]]. Its area is roughly equivalent with the historical territory of [[Outer Mongolia]], and that term is sometimes used to refer t
    105 KB (15.046 kelime) - 21:01, 8 Eylül 2019
  • ...u]] returned to Iran in c. 1224 after his exile in India. The rival Turkic states, which were all that remained of his father's empire, quickly declared thei ...Al Bahrani]].<ref>Ali Al Oraibi, "Rationalism in the school of Bahrain: a historical perspective", in ''Shīʻite Heritage: Essays on Classical and Modern Tradi
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  • |conventional_long_name = Turkic Khaganate |common_languages = [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
    23 KB (3.431 kelime) - 18:19, 26 Mart 2017
  • |conventional_long_name = Turkic Khaganate |common_languages = [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
    23 KB (3.431 kelime) - 18:19, 26 Mart 2017
  • {{for|empires established by the Göktürks|Turkic Khaganate}} |pop = Ancestral to Uyghurs, Yugurs, and other Turkic population
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  • |s1 = Turkic Khaganate .... Adams, Thomas D. Hall and Peter Turchin (2006). East-West Orientation of Historical Empires.Journal of World-Systems Research (University of Connecticut). 12 (
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  • |common_languages = [[Turkic language]], [[Proto-Slavic]] (<small>''lingua franca''</small>)<ref name=Cu |image_map = Historical map of the Balkans around 582-612 AD.jpg
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  • ...proven and probably unjustified opinion, the Avars spoke a language of the Turkic group."</ref> during the early [[Middle Ages]].<ref>{{harvtxt|Pritsak|1983| ...r'' first appeared in the mid-5th century, the Pannonian Avars entered the historical scene in the mid-6th century,<ref name=Curta2006>{{Cite book|url=https://bo
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  • .../~oriental/Journal/pdf_new/49/11.pdf] page 25, 27</ref> [[Turkic languages|Turkic]],<ref name="Hucker 1975">Hucker 1975: 136</ref><ref name=":0" /> [[Uralic ...om the [[Qin (state)|Qin]], [[Zhao (state)|Zhao]], and [[Yan (state)|Yan]] states were encroaching and conquering various nomadic territories that were inhab
    103 KB (15.025 kelime) - 18:27, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...2010|p=502}}{{sfn|de la Vaissière|2015|p=176}} [[Walter Pohl]] explicitly states: "All we can say safely is that the name ''Huns'', in [[late antiquity]], d ...om the Hun-Germanic Period (5th–6th century AD) in northeastern Hungary: historical and morphological analysis |journal=Journal of Neurosurgery |volume=36 |iss
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  • |caption = The countries and autonomous regions where a Turkic language has official status and/or is spoken by a majority. |region14 = {{flagcountry|United States}}
    116 KB (16.285 kelime) - 18:30, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...iences, Alma-Ata, I960, p. 127 (In Russian)</ref>) were a [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] tribe that heavily influenced northern Chinese politics from the late nin ...umi, Chumuhun and Chuban. These tribes became major players in the later [[Turkic Khaganate]] and thereafter<ref>Gumilev L.N., ''"Hunnu in China"'', Moscow,
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  • |p2 = Rajput states * [[Chagatai language|Chagatai Turkic]] <small>(only initially)</small>
    62 KB (9.075 kelime) - 19:05, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...utonomous]] [[Khanate of Sibir]] was established in the late 15th century. Turkic-speaking [[Yakut]] migrated north from the [[Lake Baikal]] region under pre ...ent," ''Europe-Asia Studies,'' Vol. 49, No. 7 (Nov. 1997), pp. 1317–1319 states: "We are all inclined to accept the Zemskov totals (even if not as complete
    60 KB (8.291 kelime) - 19:08, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...ist of Tatar and Mongol raids against Russian states|raids against Russian states]] continued well beyond the [[Division of the Mongol Empire|start of the Mo ...ire]] in [[Central Asia]], starting with the unification of the Mongol and Turkic confederations such as [[Merkit]]s, Tartars, and Mongols. The [[Kingdom of
    29 KB (4.134 kelime) - 19:09, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...ell, for he was keen to balance local and imperial interests, Mongol and [[Turkic peoples|Turk]]. ...|title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iN9Tdfdap5MC |year=1994
    86 KB (13.164 kelime) - 19:17, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...t3=Hall|first3=Thomas D.|date=December 2006|title=East-West Orientation of Historical Empires|url=http://jwsr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/jwsr/article/view/369/381|jo ...агаадайн Хаант Улс'') was a [[Mongols|Mongol]] and later [[Turkic peoples|Turkicized]] [[khanate]]<ref name="BlackDupree2016">{{cite book|las
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  • ...h as [[Tan Qixiang]]) regarded it as a country;<ref>{{cite book |title = [[Historical Atlas of China (1982)]] |publisher = [[SinoMaps Press]] |chapter = vol. 7 | [[Genghis Khan]] united the Mongol and Turkic tribes of the steppes and became [[Great Khan]] in 1206.{{sfn|Ebrey|2010|p=
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  • ...nomadic empire]]s and many large [[tribal]] [[confederations]] and ancient states throughout history, such as the [[Xiongnu]], [[Scythia]], [[Cimmerians|Cimm ...of Iran. The reasons for this are poorly understood. After 1077 a group of Turkic speakers pushed into Anatolia and founded the modern nation of Turkey. Simi
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  • ! colspan="2"|[[Old Turkic language|Old Turkic]] | <small>[[Old Turkic alphabet|Old Turkic]]:</small>|| {{OldTurkicUnicode|𐰴𐰍𐰣|kaɣan}}
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  • ...mbardiers]] and engineers<br />[[Chinese people|Chinese]], [[Turkic people|Turkic]], [[Greater Persia|Persian]] [[infantry]] ...e of the 13th century, however, the power of the Abbasids had declined and Turkic and [[Mamluk]] warlords often held power over the Caliphs. Baghdad still re
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  • ...]])</small><ref name=HNK>Rabbat 2001, p. 69.</ref><br />[[Turkic languages|Turkic]] <small>([[Ottoman Turkish language|Oghuz]] and [[Cuman language|Cuman]]-[ ...eras. Contemporary Muslim historians refer to the same divisions as the "[[Turkic peoples|Turkish]]"<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref n
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  • | ethnic = [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] ...al-Din Baibars al-Bunduqdar'') (1223 – 1 July 1277), of [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] [[Kipchaks|Kipchak]] origin — nicknamed '''Abu al-Futuh''' and '''Abu l
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  • ...Khaganate]] (744–848) by the [[Yenisei Kirghiz]] resulted in the end of Turkic dominance in Mongolia. ...s|date=October 2016}} Fortification walls built by various Chinese warring states were connected to make a 2300-kilometer Great Wall along the northern borde
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  • ...97|p=232}} who were themselves mostly the former Jurchens. To describe the historical people who founded the Jin dynasty, they reborrowed the Mongolian name as ' ...sular neighbours bore much resemblance to the relationship between Chinese states and their nomad neighbours, as described by Thomas Barfield".{{sfn|Breuker|
    61 KB (8.982 kelime) - 21:28, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...Jonathan M. |last3=Hall |first3=Thomas D |title = East-West Orientation of Historical Empires | journal = Journal of world-systems research |date = December 2006 ...k|title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 907-1368|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iN9Tdfdap5MC&pg=PA39#v=onep
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  • ...ns, ethnic makeup, nor early history of the Khitans are well documented in historical records.<ref>Twitchett and Tietze (1994), 44-45.</ref> The earliest referen ...618) Dynasties. Khitan tribes at various times fell under the influence of Turkic tribes such as the [[Yugur people|Uighurs]] and Chinese dynasties such as t
    72 KB (10.706 kelime) - 21:29, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...ts of [[The Secret History of the Mongols]], a literary work embedded with historical value. The second part is based on the work of several different scholars a ...f the Blue Horde/Golden Horde. A period of anarchy (known as ''bulqaq'' in Turkic) took place in the Blue Horde and lasted until the establishment of Toqtami
    19 KB (2.658 kelime) - 21:31, 26 Mart 2017
  • ...s - ''The Cambridge History of China'': Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710-1368, p.567</ref> in origin a term for "[[hero]]" or "valiant warrior" ...[Mongol Empire]] in the 13th century; the title persisted in its successor-states, and later came to be adopted also as a [[regnal title]] in the [[Ilkhanate
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  • ...012|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=ndPZAQAAQBAJ&pg=PT153&dq=ong+khan+turkic&hl=sv&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZyOGC9cvPAhXB2SwKHRL4ChMQ6AEIKzAC#v=onepage&q=ong%20 It is unclear whether the Keraites should be classified as [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]]
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  • ...ure and speculation, which describes much of the content of this overview. Historical certainty about the Yassa is weak compared to the much older [[Code of Hamm ...s Him—and who has over everything an absolute power, a different version states that there was liberty to worship God in whatever way suitable (Plantagenet
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  • ...the transmission of this imperial title from Rome to Tibet may have been a Turkic language, since ''kaiser'' (emperor) entered Turkish through contact with t ...y kingdom located in Kham between the [[Yangtze]] and [[Yalong River]]. An historical kingdom of Lingtsang ({{bo|w=gling tshang}}) existed until the 20th century
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